Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life- threatening neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs. It generally presents with muscle rigidity, fever, autonomic instability and cognitive changes such as delirium, and is associated with elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK).
Incidence of the disease has declined since its discovery (due to proactive prescription habits), but it is still dangerous to patients being treated with antipsychotics.
Because of its unpredictability, there is no one set course of action to treat the syndrome, but generally, removal of the antipsychotic drug treatment, along with medical management, lead to a positive outcome.
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